![]() The research was published today in Nature. To create the super-strong but lightweight metal, the team found a new way to disperse and stabilize nanoparticles in molten metals. They also developed a scalable manufacturing method that could pave the way for more high-performance lightweight metals. It could be used to make lighter airplanes, spacecraft, and cars, helping to improve fuel efficiency, as well as in mobile electronics and biomedical devices. ![]() The new metal is composed of magnesium infused with a dense and even dispersal of ceramic silicon carbide nanoparticles. Each central micropillar is about 4 micrometers across.Ī team led by researchers from the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science has created a super-strong yet light structural metal with extremely high specific strength and modulus, or stiffness-to-weight ratio. ![]() Important suggestions for further research in effective fabrication of surface composited by FSP are provided.At left, a deformed sample of pure metal at right, the strong new metal made of magnesium with silicon carbide nanoparticles. This review has revealed few gaps in research on surface composites via FSP route such as fabrication of defect-free composites, tailoring microstructures, development of durable and cost effective tools, and understanding on the strengthening mechanisms. The underlying mechanisms in strengthening of friction stir processed surface composite are discussed with reported models. Considering the importance of tool wear in FSP of high melting point and hard surface composites, a brief note on tool materials and the limitation in their usage is also provided. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of friction stir processed surface micro-composites, nano-composites, in-situ composites and hybrid composites are discussed. The available literature is classified to present details about effect of process parameters, reinforcement particles, active cooling and multiple passes on microstructure evolution during fabrication of surface composites. The present review offers a comprehensive understanding of friction stir processed surface composites. While influence of process parameters and tool characteristics for FSP of different alloys has been considerably reviewed during the last decade, surface composites fabrication by FSP and the relation between microstructure and mechanical properties of FSPed surface composites as well as the underlying mechanisms have not been wholesomely reviewed. Recently surface composites including steel and titanium based alloys have also been reported. Initially, FSP was used for making surface composites in aluminum and magnesium based alloys. FSP can improve surface properties such as abrasion resistance, hardness, strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, fatigue life and formability without affecting the bulk properties of the material. Friction stir processing (FSP) is emerging as a promising technique for making surface composites. Surface composites are suitable materials for engineering applications encountering surface interactions.
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